Tests for Galerucella calmariensis
No-choice tests: A no-choice test is when the potential
biological control agent is placed into a cage in which only the
test plants are present. The insect must either feed on the plants
or starve. Starvation tests are used to determine whether or not
an insect is safe to bring into the country and release as a biological
control agent. The outcome of these tests are quite different
from the outcomes seen in preference tests where the insect in
question is given a choice between the target plant and the test
plants.
Original no-choice tests: To obtain permission for importation
and release in the United States, tests were made using three
categories; 26 species of taxonomically related plants, 15 species
of associated wild plants of wildlife importance, and 7 species
of important agricultural plants.
In the following table an x
is positive for feeding by adults or larvae, and egg laying. An
(x) is positive but limited and not considered significant. Common
names followed by the letter M indicate that the data was taken
from: The Purple Loosestrife Project at Michigan State University
(Progress Report) 13 pages, by Doug Landis and Mike Klepinger,
21 August 1998.
| Family |
Species |
common
name |
Adult |
Eggs |
Larval |
| Lythraceae |
Ammania
auriculata |
scarlet
loosestrife |
(x) |
|
(x) |
| |
Ammania
coccinea |
long-leaved
loosestrife |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Ammania
latifolia |
pink
ammania |
|
|
(x) |
| |
Ammania
robusta |
|
|
|
(x) |
| |
Cuphea
viscosissima |
clammy
cuphea |
|
|
|
| |
Cuphea
lanceloata |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cuphea
wrightii |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cuphea
laminuligera |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cuphea
lutea |
|
(x) |
|
(x) |
| |
Decodon
verticillatus |
water
willow |
|
|
|
| |
Lagerstroemia
indca |
crape
myrtle |
x |
x |
|
| |
Lythrum
salicaria |
purple
loosetrife |
x |
x |
x |
| |
Lythrum
virgatum |
|
x |
x |
x |
| |
Lythrum
alatum |
winged
lythrum |
x |
x |
x |
| |
Lythrum
californicum |
|
x |
(x) |
(x) |
| |
Lythrum
hyssopifolia |
hyssop-leaf
loosestrife |
x |
x |
(x) |
| |
Lythrum
lineare |
|
(x) |
|
(x) |
| |
Rotala
ramosior |
toothcup |
x |
|
|
| Asclepiadiaceae |
Asclepias
tuberosa |
butterfly
weed M |
|
|
|
| Alismataceae |
Sagittaria
latifolia |
common
arrowleaf |
|
|
|
| Campanulaceae |
Campanula
persicifolia |
peach
leaved bellflower M |
|
|
|
| |
Lobelia
cardinalis |
cardinal
flower M |
|
|
|
| |
Platycodon
grandiflorus |
balloon
flower M |
|
|
|
| Caryophyllaceae |
Dianthus
deltoides |
maiden
pink M |
|
|
|
| Chenopodiaceae |
Beta
vulgaris |
sugarbeet |
|
|
|
| |
Chenopodium
album |
lamb's
quarters |
|
|
|
| |
Chenopodium
hybridum |
goosefoot |
|
|
|
| Compositae |
Aster
novae-angliae |
New
England Aster M |
|
|
|
| |
Aster
umbellatus |
flat
toppd aster M |
|
|
|
| |
Chrysanthemum
x superbum |
"Snow
Lady" shasta daisy M |
|
|
|
| |
Coreopsis grandiflora |
tickseed
M |
|
|
|
| |
Echinaceae
purpurea |
purple
coneflower M |
|
|
|
| |
Eupatorium
purpureum |
Joe
Pye weed M |
|
|
|
| |
Gaillardia
'Goblin' |
blanketflower
M |
|
|
|
| |
Helianthus
annuus |
annual
sunflower M |
|
|
|
| |
Helenium
sp. |
sneezeweed
M |
|
|
|
| |
Heliopsis
helianthoides, scabra |
'Summer
Sun" false sunflower M |
|
|
|
| |
Liatris
aspera |
rough
blazing star M |
|
|
|
| |
Rudbeckia
'Goldsturm' |
black-eyed
Susan M |
|
|
|
| |
Vernonia
fasciculata |
western
ironweed M |
|
|
|
| Cyperaceae |
Carex
comosa |
|
|
|
|
| |
Scirpus
americanus |
|
|
|
|
| |
Sciprus
acutus |
|
|
|
|
| Diapensiaceae |
Arabis
cyprius |
rock
cress M |
|
|
|
| Euphorbiaceae |
Euphorbia
epithymoides |
spurge
M |
|
|
|
| Fabaceae |
Glycine
max |
soybean |
(x) |
|
|
| Gentianaceae |
Gentiana
andrewsii |
bottle
gentian M |
|
|
|
| Iridaceae |
Iris
germanica |
tall
bearded iris M |
|
|
|
| |
Iris
versicolor |
blue
flag iris M |
|
|
|
| Labiatae |
Monarda |
bee
balm M |
|
|
|
| |
Physostegia
virginiana |
obediant
plant M |
|
|
|
| |
Salvia
superba |
sage
M |
|
|
|
| Leguminosiae |
Babtisia
australis |
wild
indigo M |
|
|
|
| |
Lupinus
'Russel' |
lupine
M |
|
|
|
| Malvaceae |
Gossypium
hirsutum |
cotton |
|
|
|
| Melastomataceae |
Rhexia
mariana |
meadow
beauty |
|
|
|
| Onagraceae |
Circaeae
quadrisulcata |
Hara-enchanter's
nightshade |
|
|
|
| |
Epilobium
angustifolium |
fireweed |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Gaura
biennis |
morning
honeysuckle |
x |
x |
|
| |
Gaura
parviflora |
small
flowered gaura |
|
|
|
| |
Ludwigia
alternifolia |
seedbox |
|
|
|
| |
Oenothera
biennis |
evening
primrose |
|
|
|
| |
Dirca
palustris |
|
|
|
|
| Poaceae |
Oyza
sativa |
rice |
|
|
|
| |
Triticum
sativum |
wheat |
|
|
|
| |
Zea
maize |
corn |
|
|
|
| |
Zizania
aquatica |
wild
rice |
|
|
|
| Polemoniaceae |
Pholx
paniculata |
phlox
M |
|
|
|
| Polygonaceae |
Polygonum
coccineum |
swamp
smartweed |
|
|
|
| |
Rumex
crispus |
curly
doc |
|
|
|
| |
Rumex
verticillatus |
swamp
doc |
x |
|
|
| Punicaceae |
Punica
granatum |
|
|
|
|
| Ranunculaceae |
Aquilegia
'McKana Giant' |
columbine |
|
|
|
| |
Ranunculus
bulbosus |
bulbous
buttercup |
|
|
|
| |
Ranunculus
sceleratus |
crowfoot
buttercup |
|
|
|
| Rosaceae |
Alchemilla
mollis |
lady's
mantle M |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Filipendula
rubra |
queen
of the prairie M |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Fragariax
x ananassa 'Surecrop' |
strawberry
M |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Rose
'Blaze' |
climbing
rose M |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Rubus
idaeus 'Nova' |
raspberry
M |
(x) |
|
|
| |
Aruncus
dioicus |
goatsbeard |
|
|
|
| |
Spirea
bumalda |
spirea |
|
|
|
| Salicaceae |
Salix
interior |
sandbar
willow |
x |
x |
|
| Scrophulariaceae |
Chelone
obliqua |
turtlehead
M |
|
|
|
| |
Veronica
spicata |
speedwell
M |
|
|
|
| |
Veronicastrum
virginicum |
Culver's
root M |
|
|
|
| Sparganiaceae |
Sparganium
eurycarpum |
bur-reed |
|
|
|
| Thymelaeaceae |
Dirca
palustris |
leatherwood |
|
|
|
| Typhaceae |
Typha
latifolia |
cattail |
|
|
|
| Valerianaceae |
Centranthus rubur |
red valerian
M |
|
|
|
Information on this page maintained by David
Voegtlin.
