• habit of plant in flower; Schulenberg Prairie Restoration, Morton Arboretum, DuPage County, Illinois
  
• leaves; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat on hill prairie; Cap au Gris Hill Prairie, Calhoun County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower, blacksoil prairie; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• inflorescence; Chicago Botanic Garden, prairie restoration, Cook County, Illinois
  
• another inflorescence; Long Run Seep Nature Preserve, Will County, Illinois
  
• Fruiting heads, some phyllaries removed on head on right to show achenes; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Mature "seeds", which are actually achenes, the feather-like pappus at the top aids in wind dispersal; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat along the beach at Illinois Beach State Park. This species occurs along Atlantic beaches from Labrador to South Carolina, and comes down the St. Lawrence seaway to the Great Lakes. In Illinois, it is found only along the beaches of Lake Michigan.
  
• habit of plant; Illinois Beach State Park
  
• Inflorescence and young fruit; Illinois Beach State Park
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in flower; Braidwood Dunes and Savanna Nature Preserve, Will County, Illinois
  
• flower; same locality
  
• No map is available for this species in Illinois

• habit of plant in flower; Illinois Beach State Park, Lake Co., Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat; Schulenberg Prairie Restoration, Morton Arboretum, DuPage County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower; Tomlinson Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Champaign County, Illinois
  
• another view of a plant in flower; Schulenberg Prairie Restoration, Morton Arboretum, DuPage County, Illinois
  
• inflorescence; Tomlinson Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Champaign County, Illinois
  
• another inflorescence; Tomlinson Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Champaign County, Illinois
  
• flowers; Schulenberg Prairie Restoration, Morton Arboretum, DuPage County, Illinois
  
• inflorescences; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• inflorescence; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• flowers; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• habit of plant with developing fruits; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• developing fruits; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• another view of developing fruits; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois; growing vigorously in nursery area, plants originally from Minnesota
  
• mature fruits (capsules) from herbarium specimen; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• mature fruits (capsules) from herbarium specimen; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• immature seeds; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit
  
• leaves (bipinnately compound); railroad prairie remnant south of Loda, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• nectar glands near base of leaf stalk
  
• habit, note different right- and left-hand flowers (look for the "cupped" petal"); Tomlinson Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Champaign County, Illinois
  
• inflorescences; railroad prairie remnant south of Loda, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• flower in longitudinal section
  
• habit of plant in fruit; Quiver Sand Prairies, Sand Ridge State Park, Mason County, Illinois
  
• mature fruits, which have split open into two segments. In this species, the fruits explosively burst open, throwing the seeds some distance away from the plant; this is an example of "ballistic" seed dispersal; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• seeds wth tiny pits arranged in rows
  
• seedling; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
  
• seedling; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
  
• seedling; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
  
• seedling; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• Numerous clumps at the Savanna Army Depot
  
• One clump; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant with typical red bracts — the bracts are modified leaves that are at the base of the flowers the flowers; ; Gavin Bog and Prairie Nature Preserve, Lake County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant with unusual orange-yellow bracts; Illinois Beach State Park, south of Dead River, Lake County, Illinois
  
• inflorescence showing the brilliant red bracts
  
• Closeup of red and yellow bracts with a flower enclosed within each set of bracts; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• detail of bract and flowers
• flowers enclosed by colorful bracts
  
• flower in longitudinal section
  
• flowers in longitudinal section, labeled
  
• seeds highly magnified
  
• one seed viewed with a scanning electron microscope
  
• a higher magnification of the layered, honeycomb-like seed coat, taken with a scanning electron microscope
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat; sand prairie at Illinois Beach State Park, growing with Coreopsis lanceolata, sand coreopsis
  
• habit of plant in flower, same locality
  
• another plant in flower; same locality
  
• inflorescence; Freeport Prairie Nature Preserve, Stephenson County, Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat; Foley Sand Prairie Nature Preserve, Lee County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower; Ayres Sand Prairie Nature Preserve, Carroll County, Illinois
  
• Closeup of leaves and one inflorescence; cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• branch with leaves spread out flat; cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• upper and lower surfaces of leaves' cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• edge of leaf showing teeth along margin; cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• macro of lower surface of leaf showing hairs; cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• inflorescence; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• inflorescences and leaves; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• many inflorescences; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• Closeup of flowers
  
• macro of flowers
  
• young fruits on plant
  
• Closeup of young fruits; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• mature fruits on plant; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• Closeup of fruits; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois. The fruits are drupes with a thin layer of flesh (dried up in this image) with three stones (endocarps) inside each drupe;
  
• macro of fruits, split open showing seeds; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• mature seeds; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in flower; Savanna Army Depot /Lost Mound area, Jo Daviess County, Illinois
  
• closer view of plant; same locality
  
• plant with young fruits; Illinois Beach State Park, Lake Co., Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habitat, alkaline fen/ sedge meadow area; Nachusa Grassland, Lee County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in bloom; Nachusa Grassland, Lee County, Illinois
  
• another plant in bloom; sedge meadow south of Marsailles and south of Illinois River, LaSalle County, Illinois
  
• inflorescence; New Hampshire
  
• flowers; New Hampshire
  
• fruits; from herbarium specimen; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• seeds; from herbarium specimen; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
  

• habit of plant in sand prairie; south of Amboy, Lee County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower; Matanzas Prairie Nature Preserve, Mason County, Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
  

• typical plant along a roadside
  ; Route 45 south of Paxton, Ford County, Illinois
• habit of plant in flower, growing with Queen Anne's Lace Daucus carota; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Closeup of one flower head, which only contains ray flowers; roadside, Champaign County, Illinois
  
• macro of flower head
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plants in flower; vacant lot, Champaign, Illinois
  
• prickly, pinnately lobed leaf; same locality
  
• leaves from different parts of a plant; same locality
  
• cluster of flower heads; same locality
  
• closer view of cluster of flower heads; same locality
  
• Closeup of 3 flower heads, the central one open; same locality
  
• macro of one flower head; same locality
  
• longitudinal section of one flower head; each head is composed of many disk flowers; same locality
  
• macro of 3 flower heads, the central one beginning to set fruit; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in flower; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• prickly, pinnately lobed leaves — note the white lower surface; same locality
  
• several flower heads; same locality
  
• flower head with spicebush swallowtail butterfly; same locality
  
• macro of one flower head; same locality
  
• flower head in longitudinal section; same locality
  
• fruiting heads; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Cirsium hillii or Cirsium pumilum (Hill's or prairie thistle) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• habitat of plant on hill prairie, with scurf pea Psoralea tenuifolia; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Nachusa Grassland, Lee County, Illinois
  
• leaves of first year plants forming a rosette; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Closeup of flower head; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• flower head in longitudinal section; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• head in fruit; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Cirsium muticum (swamp or fen thistle) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• habitat of plant; Long Run Seep Nature Preserve, Will County, Illinois
  
• flower heads, same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Claytonia virginica (spring beauty) [Portulacaceae, Purslane Family] — This is mostly a woodland plant but is found in open woodlands grading to prairie openings

• habitat — plants can carpet the ground in early spring; Lodge Park, Piatt County, Illinois
  
• macro of a single flower
  
• macro of fruit showing its structure
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Comandra umbellata (false or bastard toadflax) [Santalaceae, Sandalwood Family]

• habitat in blacksoil prairie, with downy phlox (Phlox pilosa); Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• habitat of plant flower; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant flower; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• habit early in spring, plant growing on top of a tuft of prairie dropseed Sporolobus heterolepis; same locality
  
• plant with flowers and leaves; Ford County, Illinois
  
• inflorescence; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
  
• closeup of inflorescence and leaves
  
• macro of inflorescence — note the flower on the right is in longitudinal section
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in sand prairie; near Manito Prairie Nature Preserve, Tazewell County, Illinois
  
• Closeup of flower; same locality
  
• macro of flower emerging from spathe
  
• macro of flower from side, half of spathe cut away to show flower
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Conyza or Erigeron canadensis (horseweed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• upper part of plant showing clusters of many small flower heads; Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Coreopsis lanceolata (sand coreopsis or lanceleaf tickseed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• habit of plant in sand prairie; Illinois Beach State Park
  
• habit of plant in sand prairie; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Coreopsis palmata (prairie coreopsis or stiff tickseed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• habitat of plant; Shoefactory Road Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant in flower; Illinois Natural History Survey prairie restoration, Champaign, Illinois
  
• distinctive leaves; cultivated, Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• flower heads; Foley Sand Prairie Nature Preserve, Lee County, Illinois
  
• closer view of flower heads; Weston Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, McLean County, Illinois
  
• macro of individual disk and ray flowers dissected from a flower head
  
• fruiting heads; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• fruiting head, whole, from side; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• fruiting head, some phyllaries removed to show achenes; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• "seeds", which are actually achenes; units on ruler = 1 mm
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Coreopsis tripteris (tall coreopsis or tall tickseed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]

• habit of plant in flower; Gensburg-Markham Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
  
• Closeup of leaves; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• macro of flower head showing ray and disk flowers; cultivated at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois
  
• closer view of flower head, the disk flowers in the center
  
• clusters of flower heads that have gone to fruit
  
• closer view of fruit heads
  
• macro of fruit heads; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
  
• individual "seeds", which are actually achenes, as they fall from the fruit head
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

Coronilla varia (crown vetch) [Fabaceae or Leguminosae, Bean Family] — NOT native to Illinois

• habitat along interstate highway; Interstate 74 west of Champaign, Illinois
  
• inflorescence' Site "M"/Panther Creek, Cass Co., Illinois
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in sandy soild, note one yellow plus 2 developing fruits; Braidwood Dunes and Savanna Nature Preserve, Will County, Illinois
  
• habit of plant with more mature, bladder-like fruits; same locality
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network

• habit of plant in flower
  
• another plant in flower
  
• flower
  
• flower in longitudinal section
  
• closer view of central part of flower in longitudinal section
  
• Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
  

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