The Tallgrass Prairie in Illinois
Echinacea pallida (pale coneflower) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
- habitat of plant in flower; Nachusa Grassland, Lee County, Illinois
- habit of plant just beginning to flower; Foley Sand Prairie Nature Preserve, Lee County, Illinois
- habit of plants at peak of flowering; Nachusa Grassland, Lee County, Illinois
- the rare white-flowered form; Harlem Hills Nature Preserve, Winnebago County, Illinois
- most of the narrow leaves are at the base of the plant; Robinson Park Hill Prairies, Peoria County, Illinois
- one leaf showing the 3 major veins; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
- the "flowers" are actually flower heads composed of may flowers; railroad prairie remnant, Republic, Greene County, Missouri
- longitudinal section of flower head showing the ray and disk flowers
- closer view of flower head in longitudinal section
- habit of plants in fruits; Harlem Hills Nature Preserve, Winnebago County, Illinois
- fruit head in longitudinal section
- individual "seeds", which are actually true fruits (achenes), each of which enclose a single seed
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family] not a prairie plant in Illinois but rather found mostly in savannas and along the edges of woods
- habit of plant in flower; savanna area within 12-Mile Prairie, between Illinois Route 37 and railroad tracks near Laclede, Fayette County, Illinois
- habit of cultivated plant ; North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- The cultivar 'Magnus', one of many cultivated varieties of purple coneflower; Chicago Botanic Garden, Cook County, Illinois
- fruiting head, the "spiny" parts are called chaf; units on ruler = 1 mm
- "seeds", which are actually achenes, the true fruits, each of which contains a single seed; units on ruler = 1 mm
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
Elymus canadensis (Canada wild rye) [Poaceae or Gramineae, Grass Family]
Erigeron canadensis or Conyza canadensis or (horseweed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Erigeron strigosus (daisy or prairie fleabane) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Eryngium yuccifolium (rattlesnake master or button eryngo) [Apiaceae or Umbelliferae, Carrot Family]
- habitat of plant; Wolf Road Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
- habit of plant in flower; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
- another plant in flower; prairie planting at Illini Rest Area, Interstate 57, south of Champaign, Illinois
- one more plant in flower; Wolf Road Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
- leaves that resemble those of a yucca plant; Wolf Road Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
- closer view of leaves; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
- more leaves; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
- closer view of leaves; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
- even closer view of leaves; Don Gardner Prairie Restoration, Ford County, Illinois
- flower heads; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
- macro of flower head
- flower head in longitudinal section
- macro of flowers at different stages
- cluster of fruit heads; Loda Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
- Closeup of 3 fruit heads; same locality
- individual "seeds", which are actually mericarps (fruit segments) that contain a single seed
- macro of mericarps
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
Erythronium mesochoreum (prairie dog-tooth-violet, prairie troutlily, or midland fawnlily) [Liliaceae, Lily Family]
- habit of plant in flower, note the leaves that are somewhat folded; Denby Prairie Nature Preserve, Macoupin County, Illinois
- plants with underground bulbs; Shermerhorn Park, Cherokee County, Kansas
- flower, note the petals do not reflex backward as in the woodland Erythronium albidum; Denby Prairie Nature Preserve, Macoupin County, Illinois
- fruit, which rests on the ground at maturity; somewhere in eastern Kansas
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois based on information in McClain, W.E., J.E. Ebinger, and A.C. Koelling. 1999. Status and distribution of Erythronium mesochoreum Knerr (Liliaceae) in Illinois. Castanea 64: 346349.
Eupatorium altissimum (tall boneset or thoroughwort) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Eupatorum maculatum or Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (spotted Joe-Pye weed) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Eupatorium perfoliatum (common or perfoliate boneset) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
- habit of plant in flower; Bonnie's Prairie Nature Preserve, Iroquois County, Illinois
- perfoliate leaves that are arranged oppositely along the stem, with the bases of the pair of leaves fused together; Wadsworth Prairie Nature Preserve, Lake County, Illinois
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
Eupatorium serotinum (late boneset or lateflowering thoroughwort) [Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Euphorbia corollata (flowering spruge) [Euphorbiaceae, Spruge Family]
- habitat; prairie remnant west of Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas
- habit of plants in flower; ; Freeport Prairie Nature Preserve, Stephenson County, Illinois
- inflorescences; Gensburg-Markham Prairie Nature Preserve, Cook County, Illinois
- Closeup of inflorescences
- Macro of "flowers", which are actually flower clusters called "cyathia" (singular = "cyathium")
- macro of cyathium in longitudinal section
- plant with fall color and mature fruits; Prospect Cemetery Prairie Nature Preserve, Ford County, Illinois
- the individual fruits are called "schizocarps", each of which split into 3 segments or "mericarps"; Boyd Prairie, east of Baldwin City, Douglas County, Kansas
- 3-lobed whole fruit, one mericarp split open, and one seed
- seeds
- Click here for a distribution map in Illinois from the Illinois Plant Information Network
Euphorbia cyparissias (cypress spruge) [Euphorbiaceae, Spruge Family] NOT native to Illinois
Euphorbia dentata or Poinsettia dentata(wild poinsettia or toothed spurge) [Euphorbiaceae, Spruge Family]
Euphorbia heterophylla or Poinsettia cyathophora (wild poinsettia, painted spurge, fire-on-the-mountain) [Euphorbiaceae, Spruge Family]
Euphorbia marginata (Snow-on-the-mountain) [Euphorbiaceae, Spruge Family] NOT native to Illinois
Euthamia graminifolia or Solidago graminifolia (grass-leaved goldenrod or flat-topped goldentop)[Asteraceae or Compositae, Sunflower Family]
Alphabetical by Genus:
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Created November 1997; updated 25 October 2004