- 1. Introduction
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- BROCHOSOMES (Gr. brochos -- the mesh of a net,
and soma -- the body) are intricately shaped proteinaceous secretory
particles of 0.2--20 µm in size produced by the Malpighian tubules
of leafhoppers (Cicadellidae), one of the most diverse and abundant insect
families. Go to C. H. Dietrich's leafhopper web site...
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- More about structure
of brochosomes...
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- After molts, leafhoppers release the brochosome-containing
secretion through the hindgut and apply it onto the fresh integument.
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- More about behaviors...
- The resulting particulate coat apparently prevents leafhoppers
from getting trapped in their sticky excrement or water. Some leafhoppers
also use brochosomes to cover the egg chambers made by ovipositing females
in plant tissues.
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- More about function of brochosomes...
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- Why study brochosomes?
- Brochosomes are among the most unusual structures produced
in living cells.
- Brochosomes provide an interesting model system for studies
of cell biology, as well as evolutionary studies.
- Because of their unique structure and properties brochosomes
may have applications in science and technology.
- Brochosomes are a unique evolutionary innovation of leafhoppers
(Cicadellidae), that has contributed to the spectacular diversification
of this family. Studies of brochosomes and related unusual morphological
traits and behaviors of leafhoppers provide important insights into the
biology, ecology, systematics, and evolution of these insects.
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- Research Problems
- Although brochosomes have been discovered more than 50
years ago (Tulloch et al. 1952)
, the detailed study is yet in the beginning. Very little is known about
the chemical composition of brochosomes, the mechanisms involved in their
development, and their function.
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